நியூட்டன் அறிவியல் மன்றம்
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பொருள்முதல்வாத இயங்கியல் வகுப்பில் (02.09.2018)
கூறப்பட்ட மேற்கோள்கள்:
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எனவே இயற்கை மனித சமூகம் என்னும் இரண்டின்
வரலாற்றில் இருந்துதான் இயங்கியலின் விதிகள்
உருவாக்கப்பட்டன.
இயங்கியலின் மூன்று விதிகளையும் கருத்துமுதல்வாத
பாணியில், சிந்தனையின் விதிகளாக மட்டுமே
உருவாக்கினார் ஹெக்கல்.
இயங்கியல் குறித்த ஒரு கையேட்டை எழுதுவது குறித்து
நாங்கள் அக்கறை கொள்ளவில்லை. ஆனால் இயங்கியலின்
விதிகள் மெய்யாகவே இயற்கையின் வளர்ச்சியின் விதிகள்
என்பதையும் எனவே கோட்பாட்டு ரீதியான இயற்கை
விஞ்ஞானத்துக்கும் அவை பொருந்தும் என்பதையும்
உணர்த்தவே நாங்கள் விரும்புகிறோம்.
இயற்கை, சமூகம், சிந்தனை இம்மூன்றின் வளர்ச்சிக்கான
பொது விதியானது சர்வாம்ச அளவில் செல்லத்தக்க விதியாக
முதன் முதலாக உருவாக்கப் பட்டுள்ளது. இது வரலாற்று
முக்கியத்துவம் வாய்ந்த ஒரு சாதனையாக என்றும்
நிலைத்திருக்கும்.
(பார்க்க எங்கல்ஸ் எழுதிய இயற்கையின் இயக்கவியல்
நூலின், 2ஆம் அத்தியாயம், தலைப்பு: இயக்கவியல்.)
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மாவோவின் மேற்கோள்கள்:
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“It is good to have criticism. It would not be good to have no criticism, or to suppress
criticism. It is this mistake that Stalin committed. Stalin did a lot of good things, but he
also did some bad things. He confused the two; he used the methods that are for dealing
with the enemy to deal with the people, with contradictions among the people. He
wouldn’t let people say bad things about the government, or about the Communist Party;
if you said anything bad or if there were any rustling in the air, any movement in the grass,
he would say that you were a spy and have you arrested.”
—Speech at [a] Conference of Members and Cadres of Provincial-Level
Organizations of [the] CPC in Shandong (March 18, 1957),
The Writings of Mao Ze Dong volume II 1949 to 1976, pp. 419-420.
There were two sides to Stalin. One side was the elimination of true counterrevolutionaries;
that was the correct side. The other side was the incorrect killing of numerous people,
important people. For example, a high percentage of delegates to the Communist Party
[National] Congress were killed. How many in the Central Committee did he kill? He
seized and killed 80 percent of the Seventeenth Party Congress delegates, and he seized
and killed 50 percent of the Central Committee members elected at the Seventeenth
Congress [in 1934].”
—“On the Correct Handling of Contradictions among the People” (Speaking Notes),
(Feb. 27, 1957), The Secret Speeches of Chairman Mao: From the Hundred Flowers
to the Great Leap Forward, ed. by Roderick MacFarquhar, Timothy Cheek, &
Eugene Wu pp. 141-2, and footnote 11.
“Even in 1949 when we were about to cross the Yangtze River, someone [emphasis added]
still wanted to prevent us. According to him we should under no circumstances cross the
Yangtze. If we did so America would send troops to China and become directly involved
in China’s Civil War and the South and North dynasties would reappear in China.
“I did not listen to what they [sic] said. We crossed the Yangtze. America did not send
troops to China and there were no South and North dynasties. If we really had followed
his words surely there would be a situation of South and North dynasties.
“Later on I met that person who intended to prevent us from crossing the Yangtze.
His first words in our conversation were: ‘The victor bears no blame.’
“I had not listened to him. As a result he not only did not blame me. On the contrary,
he recognized me as the victor. It is very important that one should analyze and solve
problems on one’s own and always seek truth from facts.”
—Mao’s comments in 1957, as recorded by Wang Fangming of Beijing People’s University, People’s Daily, Jan. 2, 1979. English translation in NE, p. 15. The “someone”
referred to was obviously none but Stalin.
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பொருள்முதல்வாத இயங்கியல் வகுப்பில் (02.09.2018)
கூறப்பட்ட மேற்கோள்கள்:
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எனவே இயற்கை மனித சமூகம் என்னும் இரண்டின்
வரலாற்றில் இருந்துதான் இயங்கியலின் விதிகள்
உருவாக்கப்பட்டன.
இயங்கியலின் மூன்று விதிகளையும் கருத்துமுதல்வாத
பாணியில், சிந்தனையின் விதிகளாக மட்டுமே
உருவாக்கினார் ஹெக்கல்.
இயங்கியல் குறித்த ஒரு கையேட்டை எழுதுவது குறித்து
நாங்கள் அக்கறை கொள்ளவில்லை. ஆனால் இயங்கியலின்
விதிகள் மெய்யாகவே இயற்கையின் வளர்ச்சியின் விதிகள்
என்பதையும் எனவே கோட்பாட்டு ரீதியான இயற்கை
விஞ்ஞானத்துக்கும் அவை பொருந்தும் என்பதையும்
உணர்த்தவே நாங்கள் விரும்புகிறோம்.
இயற்கை, சமூகம், சிந்தனை இம்மூன்றின் வளர்ச்சிக்கான
பொது விதியானது சர்வாம்ச அளவில் செல்லத்தக்க விதியாக
முதன் முதலாக உருவாக்கப் பட்டுள்ளது. இது வரலாற்று
முக்கியத்துவம் வாய்ந்த ஒரு சாதனையாக என்றும்
நிலைத்திருக்கும்.
(பார்க்க எங்கல்ஸ் எழுதிய இயற்கையின் இயக்கவியல்
நூலின், 2ஆம் அத்தியாயம், தலைப்பு: இயக்கவியல்.)
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மாவோவின் மேற்கோள்கள்:
------------------------------------------------
“It is good to have criticism. It would not be good to have no criticism, or to suppress
criticism. It is this mistake that Stalin committed. Stalin did a lot of good things, but he
also did some bad things. He confused the two; he used the methods that are for dealing
with the enemy to deal with the people, with contradictions among the people. He
wouldn’t let people say bad things about the government, or about the Communist Party;
if you said anything bad or if there were any rustling in the air, any movement in the grass,
he would say that you were a spy and have you arrested.”
—Speech at [a] Conference of Members and Cadres of Provincial-Level
Organizations of [the] CPC in Shandong (March 18, 1957),
The Writings of Mao Ze Dong volume II 1949 to 1976, pp. 419-420.
There were two sides to Stalin. One side was the elimination of true counterrevolutionaries;
that was the correct side. The other side was the incorrect killing of numerous people,
important people. For example, a high percentage of delegates to the Communist Party
[National] Congress were killed. How many in the Central Committee did he kill? He
seized and killed 80 percent of the Seventeenth Party Congress delegates, and he seized
and killed 50 percent of the Central Committee members elected at the Seventeenth
Congress [in 1934].”
—“On the Correct Handling of Contradictions among the People” (Speaking Notes),
(Feb. 27, 1957), The Secret Speeches of Chairman Mao: From the Hundred Flowers
to the Great Leap Forward, ed. by Roderick MacFarquhar, Timothy Cheek, &
Eugene Wu pp. 141-2, and footnote 11.
“Even in 1949 when we were about to cross the Yangtze River, someone [emphasis added]
still wanted to prevent us. According to him we should under no circumstances cross the
Yangtze. If we did so America would send troops to China and become directly involved
in China’s Civil War and the South and North dynasties would reappear in China.
“I did not listen to what they [sic] said. We crossed the Yangtze. America did not send
troops to China and there were no South and North dynasties. If we really had followed
his words surely there would be a situation of South and North dynasties.
“Later on I met that person who intended to prevent us from crossing the Yangtze.
His first words in our conversation were: ‘The victor bears no blame.’
“I had not listened to him. As a result he not only did not blame me. On the contrary,
he recognized me as the victor. It is very important that one should analyze and solve
problems on one’s own and always seek truth from facts.”
—Mao’s comments in 1957, as recorded by Wang Fangming of Beijing People’s University, People’s Daily, Jan. 2, 1979. English translation in NE, p. 15. The “someone”
referred to was obviously none but Stalin.
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